1. revival [rɪ'vaɪvl]
【词根记忆】: re(再一次)+ viv(生命)+ al(形容词后缀)→再次有生命力 →复活
【短语搭配】: the revival of learning [letters, literature] 文艺复兴
【真题例句】: Everywhere you go in America, you hear tales of corporate revival. 每个到美国的人都会听到企业复兴的故事。(1998, text 2)
2. revolution [‚revə'luːʃn]
n. 革命, 旋转, 大变革
【词根记忆】: re(再一次)+ volut(旋转)+ ion(名词后缀)→ 一次次旋转,改变→旋转,变革
【短语搭配】: the industrial revolution 产业革命/ the revolution of the seasons 季节的循环
【经典例句】: Although the Revolution of 1911 which overthrew the Ching emperor preceded the Russian revolution, there was no Communist Party at that time and the revolution failed. 虽然辛亥革命打倒皇帝比俄国早,但是那时没有共产党,那次革命也失败了。
3. preside [prɪ'zaɪd]
v. 任主席, 当主人, 统辖
【词根记忆】: pre(在前面)+ side(坐)→坐在前面→主持
【短语搭配】: preside naval affairs 主管海军事务
【真题例句】: What is harder to establish is whether the productivity revolution that businessmen assume they are presiding over is for real. 比较难确定的是,这场商业人士认为是自己发动的这场生产力革命是否属实。(1998, text 2)
4. statistics [stə'tɪstɪk]
n. 统计, 统计资料; 统计学
【词根记忆】: stat(国家)+ist(表示“人”的名词后缀)+ ics(学科名词后缀)→国家统治者要知道的东西→统计学
【短语搭配】: the vital statistics (出生、结婚、死亡等)人口动态统计
【真题例句】: The official statistics are mildly discouraging. 官方给出的数据却有些令人沮丧。 (1998, text 2)
5. manufacture ['mænjʊ'fæktʃe]
n. 制造; 产品; 制造业 v. 制造; 粗制滥造; 捏造
【词根记忆】: manu(手)+ fact(做)+ ure(名词后缀)→用手做的→加工制造
【短语搭配】: the steel manufacture制钢工业
【真题例句】: They show that, if you lump manufacturing and services together, productivity has grown on average by 1.2% since 1987. 这些表明,如果把制造业和服务业的产值合并一起,从1987年开始,生产力仅仅平均增长了1.2%。(1998, text 2)
6. previous ['prɪːvɪəs]
adj. 早先的, 过急的, 前面的
【词根记忆】: pre(在前面)+ vi(=vid走)+ous(形容词后缀)→走在前面的→早先的
【短语搭配】: previously designated 预先指定的
【真题例句】: That is somewhat faster than the average during the previous decade. 前十年见的平均增长率多少快一些。(1998, text 2)
7. acceleration [æk‚selə'reɪʃn]
n. 加速; 加速度; 促进
【词根记忆】: ac(加强)+ cel(高)+ er(比较级)+ ate (使动后缀)+ ion (名词后缀)→使(速度)更高 →加速
【短语搭配】: acceleration of gravity 重力加速度
【真题例句】: The trouble is that part of the recent acceleration is due to the usual rebound that occurs at this point in a business cycle, and so is not conclusive evidence of a revival in the underlying trend. 问题是现阶段的加速发展是因为商业循环在此节点上的例行反弹,所以并不是潜在趋势中复苏的确切证据。(1998, text 2)
8. rebound [rɪ'baʊnd]
n. 弹回; 弹回的球; 返回; 振作v. 弹回, 复兴, 复原; 使弹回
【词根记忆】: re(向后)+ bound(弹跳)→弹回去
【短语搭配】: take sb. at [on] the rebound 利用某人有某种反应等机会影响某人
【真题例句】: Our evil example will rebound upon ourselves. 我们的坏榜样会回到我们自己头上的〔意为结果自己受害〕。(1998, text 2)
9. conclusive [kon'kluːsɪv]
adj. 决定性的, 最后的, 确实的
【词根记忆】: con(共同)+ clus(关闭)+ ive(形容词后缀)→共同关闭的→结论性的
【短语搭配】: a conclusive answer 断然的回答
【经典例句】: Franklin did not believe that the French tests were conclusive. 富兰克林不相信这个法国人的实验是结论性的。
10. disjunction [dis'junktɪv]
n. 反意连词 adj. 分离性的
【词根记忆】: dis(否定)+ junction(联结)→没有联结→分离,断层
【真题例句】: There is, as Robert Rubin, the treasury secretary, says, a “disjunction” between the mass of business anecdote that points to a leap in productivity and the picture reflected by the statistics. 正如财政部秘书Robert Rubin所说,在大量有关生产力跃升的商业传奇和官方统计数据所反映的状况有所断层。(1998, text 2)
11. anecdote ['ænɪkdəʊt]
n. 轶事, 趣闻; 秘闻, 秘史
【短语搭配】: business anecdote 商业传奇
【经典例句】: An anecdote may serve to point up the intensity of this enterprise loyalty in Japan. 有一件轶事可以说明日本工人对企业的忠诚是多么强烈。
12. contribution [‚kɒntrɪ'bjuːʃn]
n. 捐助, 贡献, 捐助之物
【词根记忆】: con(共同)+ tribut(给予)+ ion(名词后缀)→共同给与财物→捐助
【短语搭配】: lay under contribution 强制派捐,勒派军税
【真题例句】: New ways of organizing the workplace -- all that re-engineering and downsizing -- are only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy, which is driven by many other factors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery, new technology, and investment in education and training. 新的生产组织方式,例如重新设计生产线和缩小规模,都只是提升经济生产力的一方面,其他因素如在装备和机械上的联合投资,新技术,和在教育培训方面的投资都能刺激生产发展。(1998, text 2)
13. intend [ɪn'tend]
v. 计划, 意欲, 打算
【词根记忆】: in(加强)+ tend(伸展)→强调向某处伸展→意图
【短语搭配】: He intends no harm. 他没有恶意
【真题例句】: Moreover, most of the changes that companies make are intended to keep them profitable, and this need not always mean increasing productivity: switching to new markets or improving quality can matter just as much. 另外,大多数的公司的改革是为了牟利;牟利并不总是意味着提高生产力,转向新的市场,提高产品质量也可以达到同样的效果。(1998, text 2)
14. speculative ['spe kjʊlətɪv]
adj. 思索的; 纯理论的, 非实用性的; 推测的; 冒险性的
【词根记忆】: spec(看)+ ul(无意义,连接)+ ate(使动后缀)+ ive(形容词后缀)→推测的
【短语搭配】: speculate about the origin of the universe 沉思宇宙的起源
【真题例句】: Two other explanations are more speculative. 另外两个解释更具推测性。(1998, text 2)
15. ineptly ['ineptli]
adv. 不适当地; 笨拙地; 无能地
【词根记忆】: in(否定)+ ept(合适,灵巧)+ ly(副词后缀)→不合适,不灵巧
【短语搭配】: inept remarks 不恰当的语言
【真题例句】: First, some of the business restructuring of recent years may have been ineptly done.首先,最近几年的商业结构调整并未得到有效实施。(1998, text 2)
16. executive [ekz'ekju·tiv]
n. 执行者; 经理主管人员adj. 执行的, 有执行权的
【词根记忆】: ex(加强)+ ecut(跟随)+ ive(名词/形容词后缀)→使劲跟在后面(监督) →主管
【短语搭配】: executive committee 执行委员会
【真题例句】: Leonard Schlesinger, a Harvard academic and former chief executive of Au Bong Pain, a rapidly growing chain of bakery cafes, says that much “re-engineering” has been crude. Leonard Schlesinger是哈佛大学的教授,也是Au Bong Pain公司(一个快速发展的糕饼连锁店)的前总裁,他认为生产线重整是敷衍了事。(1998, text 2)
17. revenue ['revənju]
n. 岁入; 收入, 收益; 税收; 各项收入, 总收入
【词根记忆】: re(反复)+ ven(来)+ ue(名词后缀)→反复入账的→收入
【短语搭配】: defraud the revenue 漏税,逃税
【真题例句】: In many cases, he believes, the loss of revenue has been greater than the reductions in cost. 他认为在许多情况下,收入的减少量高于成本的降低量。(1998, text 2)
18. reduction [rɪ'dʌkʃn]
n. 减少; 缩小; 降低
【词根记忆】: re(反复)+ duct(引导)+ ion(名词后缀)→反复向下引导 →减少
【短语搭配】: great reductions in prices 大减价
【经典例句】: The major reason for the reduction of family size is a reduction in the number of births. 家庭规模缩小的主要原因是生育子女数量的减少。
19. profitability ['prɑfɪtəbl]
n. 收益性; 利益率
【词根记忆】: pro(向前)+ fit(做)+ ability(名词后缀)→ 诱使人向前做事的→收益性
【短语搭配】: make a profit on 在…上头赚钱
【真题例句】: His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied re-engineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long term profitability. 他的同事Michael Beer说,太多的公司在进行生产重组时只是机械地照搬,不考虑长期利益而砍掉开支。(1998, text 2)
20. consultant [kon'zult·ənt]
n. 顾问, 商议者
【词根记忆】: con(共同)+ sult(跳)+ ant(表示“人”的后缀)→(为获取资料﹑ 得到指点等)请教(别人), 查阅(书)等
【短语搭配】: consult a dictionary 查词典
【真题例句】: He dismisses a lot of the work of re-engineering consultants as mere rubbish -- “the worst sort of ambulance cashing.” 他把许多生产重组的顾问所做的工作贬为垃圾,他的原话是“最是无用功”。(1998, text 2)