众所周知，图表作文是考研英语二写作PART B部分的常考题型。其写作要求通常包括图表描述与图表评论两部分。在这两项任务中，图表描述更是成为同学们的薄弱环节。鉴于此，整理出了描述图表的高频术语，与大家分享。
▶图表及图表类型
1、图表：chart, graph, diagram
2、各类图表：
表格：table;
柱形图：barchart 或column chart;
饼形图：piechart;
线形图：linechart 或curve chart
一、表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词
1、“数字数据”相关
(1) the number of sth.
(2) data, statistics, figures
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion
(4) around, over, appropriately
2、表达“上升”
(1)常见词汇
increase → (名词形式increase )
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise)
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth)
go up
注意以下短语数量上的区别：
increase by +数字上升到...
increase to +数字上升了...
reach to +数字达到...
(2)其他词汇
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃，剧增
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加
(3) 地道表达
double, triple
3、表达“下降”
(1) 常见词汇
decrease (名词形式decrease )
drop (名词形式drop)
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall)
decline (名词形式decline )
go down
(2)其他词汇
plunge: fall steeply 跳水，猛跌
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉，沉没
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉
4、表达“波动”
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation )
go up and down
rise and fall
5、表达“保持平稳”
remain stable (或 remain constant)
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳)
二、描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词)
1、变化快、剧烈、明显
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady
三、常用短语：“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词”
1、v. + adv.
decline slowly
grow dramatically
fluctuate sharply
2、 adj. + n.
a slow decline
a dramatic growth
a sharp fluctuation
a slight increase
a significant increase
3、 on a +adj.+ n
例如：如上述柱形图所示，过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达：
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades.
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades.
对于备考图表作文的考生来讲， 掌握以上图表术语及相关表达可以快速帮助大家提升描述图表作文的专业性、规范性与丰富性，从而让自己的作文变身“高富帅”，在考试中取得更理想的成绩!
